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PRACA POGLĄDOWA
Mechanizmy infekcji patogenami przenoszonymi przez kleszcze na przykładzie bakterii: Anaplasma phagocytophilum i Borrelia burgdorferi
 
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Ukryj
1
Zakład Fizyko-Chemicznych Zagrożeń Zdrowotnych i Ekologii, Instytut Medycyny Wsi im. Witolda Chodźki w Lublinie Kierownik Zakładu: dr hab. M. Mojzych, Dyrektor: prof. nadzw. dr hab. I. Bojar
 
2
Instytut Ochrony Środowiska – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy w Warszawie Dyrektor: prof. dr hab. B. Gworek
 
 
Autor do korespondencji
Paula Wróblewska   

Zakład Fizyko-Chemicznych Zagrożeń Zdrowotnych i Ekologii Instytut Medycyny Wsi im. Witolda Chodźki w Lublinie, ul. Jaczewskiego 2, 20-090 Lublin tel. 81 71 84 548
 
 
Med Srod. 2016;19(2):63-68
 
SŁOWA KLUCZOWE
STRESZCZENIE
Choroby odkleszczowe są chorobami transmisyjnymi, należącymi do grupy chorób odzwierzęcych, ale przenoszonych za pośrednictwem kleszczy. Choroby te stanowią ważny problem zarówno zdrowia publicznego, ale także problem dla grup zawodowo narażonych na ukłucia kleszczy. Ixodes ricinus jest gatunkiem kleszcza, który jest najczęstszym rezerwuarem i wektorem licznych mikroorganizmów wywołujących choroby ludzi. Przenosi on między innymi bakterie z gatunków: Anaplasma phagocytophilum i Borrelia burgdorferi. W artykule zostały omówione mechanizmy infekcji Borrelia burgdorferi i Anaplasma phagocytophilum zarówno kleszcza, ale także zwierząt i ludzi. Obydwa omawiane mikroorganizmy wykształciły wiele cech i mechanizmów przystosowawczych do środowiska, a także mechanizmów obronnych przed odpowiedzią immunologiczną organizmu. Poznanie biologii kleszczy, funkcji białek wytwarzanych przez kleszcze i patogenne mikroorganizmy stanowi klucz w opracowaniu skutecznych metod leczenia i profilaktyki boreliozy i anaplazmozy.

Tick-borne diseases are transmission diseases belonging to the group of zoonoses but carried by ticks. These diseases are a major public health problem but also a problem for groups occupationally exposed to tick bites. Ixodes ricinus is a species of ticks which is the most common reservoir and the vector of a large number of microorganisms pathogenic to humans. It transfers, among others, bacteria of the species: Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Borrelia burgdorferi. The article discusses the mechanisms of infection with Borrelia burgdorferi and Anaplasma phagocytophilum for both ticks as well as for animals and humans. The two microorganisms discussed have developed many characteristics and mechanisms of adaptation to the environment, as well as defense mechanisms against the body's immune response. Understanding the biology of ticks and the function of proteins produced by ticks and pathogenic microorganisms is the key in the development of effective treatments and prevention of Lyme disease and anaplasmosis
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